A vaginal yeast infection is an overgrowth of Candida fungus in the vagina, causing itching, burning, redness and thick white discharge. It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection. Diagnosis is confirmed with a swab test, and treatment is an antifungal cream, pessary or tablet. Infections that return four or more times a year need further evaluation.
- Cause
- Candida overgrowth
- Typical signs
- Itching, thick white discharge
- Test
- Swab, pH and microscopy
- Treatment
- Antifungal cream, pessary or tablet
- Recurrent
- 4 or more episodes a year
- Seen by
- Dr. Sun-Ok Lee, OB-GYN specialist
What causes vaginal yeast infections?
Small amounts of Candida yeast live normally in the vagina. An infection develops when the balance changes and yeast overgrows. Common triggers include:
- Recent antibiotics
- Pregnancy or higher-estrogen hormonal contraception
- Poorly controlled diabetes
- A weakened immune system
- Heat, humidity and tight, non-breathable clothing — common in Seoul summers
- Scented washes, douches or irritating products
Yeast infections are not considered sexually transmitted, although sex can sometimes trigger symptoms.
Yeast infection, BV or trichomoniasis?
| Yeast infection | Bacterial vaginosis | Trichomoniasis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discharge | Thick, white, clumpy | Thin, grey-white | Frothy, yellow-green |
| Smell | Little or none | Fishy | Often unpleasant |
| Itching | Prominent | Mild or none | Common |
| Vaginal pH | Normal | Raised | Raised |
| Treatment | Antifungal | Antibiotic | Antibiotic; partners treated too |
Studies show many women who self-diagnose a yeast infection actually have another cause. For a broader overview, see what your discharge means and vaginal infections.
Diagnosis and treatment at Yoonho
- Consultation in English Your symptoms, recent antibiotics, pregnancy possibility and any previous treatments are reviewed privately.
- Brief exam and swab A swab of the discharge is checked for pH and examined under the microscope, often with results during the visit.
- Culture if recurrent For repeated or treatment-resistant infections, a culture identifies the yeast species, as some respond less well to standard medicines.
- Treatment A vaginal antifungal cream or pessary for several days, or a single oral antifungal tablet when suitable.
- Review Return if symptoms have not cleared within about a week or come back soon after.
- Intense itching and burning
- Thick white discharge
- Unsure if it is yeast or another infection
- Infections returning after self-treatment
- Swab test confirms the cause
- Antifungal treatment matched to the diagnosis
- Symptoms usually ease within a few days
- Plan to reduce recurrences
Recurrent yeast infections
Having four or more yeast infections in a year is called recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. It deserves a full check rather than repeated self-treatment:
- Confirming that the cause is really yeast, with culture
- Checking for triggers such as diabetes, frequent antibiotics or hormonal changes
- A longer initial course followed by a maintenance antifungal schedule, often for several months
- Looking at skin conditions of the vulva that can mimic yeast
Prevention and special situations
- Wear breathable cotton underwear and change out of damp swimwear or exercise clothes quickly.
- Wash the vulva with plain water; avoid douching and scented products.
- Use antibiotics only when needed, and mention past yeast infections when they are prescribed.
Pregnancy: yeast infections are more common in pregnancy; vaginal treatments are preferred, and oral antifungal tablets are generally avoided, so always tell your doctor if you might be pregnant.
Cost and logistics for international patients
At Yoonho Women’s Hospital in Apgujeong, Seoul, a consultation with swab tests is generally around ₩30,000–100,000 and medication around ₩10,000–50,000, as a general guide; a written estimate is given after consultation. Walk-ins are welcome. For practical tips on booking and documents, see yeast infection treatment in Seoul for foreigners and medical documents for insurance claims.
Why international patients choose Yoonho
Frequently asked questions
Can I buy yeast infection treatment over the counter in Korea?
Some antifungal products may be available at Korean pharmacies, but availability varies and many treatments need a prescription. If this is your first infection or symptoms return, a swab test first is recommended.
Does my partner need treatment?
Usually not, because yeast infections are not considered sexually transmitted. A partner with symptoms such as itching or redness should see a doctor.
Can I have sex during a yeast infection?
It is best to wait until symptoms clear, as sex can be uncomfortable and worsen irritation. Some vaginal creams can weaken latex condoms.
Why do I keep getting yeast infections?
Frequent antibiotics, hormonal changes, diabetes or a less common yeast species can play a role, and sometimes the cause is not yeast at all. Four or more episodes a year should be evaluated.
Can I be treated during my period?
Yes. You can still be examined and start treatment, though heavy bleeding can make swab results less clear. Use pads rather than tampons while using vaginal creams.
OB-GYN Specialist · Director of OB-GYN
M.D., Ewha Womans University College of Medicine · Former Clinical Instructor, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital · Member, Korean Society of Menopause
Last reviewed: . This page is for general information and does not replace an in-person consultation.
Talk to an English-speaking gynecologist
Yoonho Hospital · 304 Apgujeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul · Mon–Fri 9:00–18:00, Sat 9:00–13:00 · Walk-ins welcome.