The three most common vaginal infections are bacterial vaginosis (BV), yeast infection (candidiasis) and trichomoniasis. They can cause unusual discharge, odor, itching or burning, but symptoms overlap, so a simple swab test is the most reliable way to tell them apart. BV and trichomoniasis are treated with antibiotics; yeast infections with antifungal medicine.
- Common types
- BV, yeast, trichomoniasis
- Test
- Vaginal swab, sometimes PCR
- Results
- Often same day; PCR in days
- Treatment
- Antibiotic or antifungal
- Partner treatment
- Needed for trichomoniasis
- Cost guide
- Tests ₩30,000–100,000; meds ₩10,000–50,000
BV, yeast or trich? How they compare
| Bacterial vaginosis | Yeast infection | Trichomoniasis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cause | Imbalance of vaginal bacteria | Overgrowth of Candida fungus | Parasite, sexually transmitted |
| Discharge | Thin, gray-white | Thick, white, "cottage cheese" | Frothy, yellow-green |
| Odor | Fishy, often worse after sex | Usually none | Often unpleasant |
| Itching / burning | Mild or none | Often intense itching, soreness | Itching, burning, pain with urination |
| Treatment | Antibiotic (e.g. metronidazole) | Antifungal tablet or pessary | Antibiotic (e.g. metronidazole) |
| Partner treatment | Not routinely | Not routinely | Yes |
Learn more about each: bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections and trichomoniasis.
Why testing matters
Many women self-treat with over-the-counter antifungal products, but studies show that self-diagnosis of yeast infection is often wrong. Using the wrong medicine delays relief and can make symptoms persist. Chlamydia, gonorrhea and other conditions can also cause discharge.
A test is particularly important if:
- This is your first episode, or symptoms are different from before
- You have had a new sexual partner
- Symptoms return within two months or four or more times a year
- You are pregnant
- You have pelvic pain, fever or bleeding
To understand normal and abnormal discharge, see what your discharge means.
- Symptoms of BV, yeast and trich overlap
- Over-the-counter treatment may not match the cause
- Symptoms can return or persist
- STDs may be missed
- Cause identified with a swab test
- Medicine matched to the infection
- Partner treatment advised when needed
- Plan for recurrence if symptoms return
Your visit at Yoonho, step by step
- Private consultation Your symptoms, recent antibiotics, contraception and sexual history are discussed in English, without judgment.
- Swab test During a short speculum exam, a sample of discharge is taken. It does not usually hurt.
- Quick tests Microscopy and pH testing can often show BV, yeast or trich on the same day.
- PCR or culture if needed For recurrent symptoms or STD screening, results take a few days.
- Treatment and aftercare A prescription is given, with written instructions in English on how to take it and what to avoid.
Treatment and prevention
- BV — oral or vaginal antibiotics. Avoid alcohol with metronidazole and for 48 hours after. BV often recurs; longer treatment plans are possible.
- Yeast — a single oral tablet or vaginal pessary/cream; recurrent infections may need longer courses and a culture.
- Trichomoniasis — antibiotics for you and your partner(s), and no sex until both are treated. A retest is often advised.
To lower your risk: avoid douching and scented washes, wear breathable underwear, change out of wet swimwear promptly, and use condoms with new partners. A confidential STD test can be added to the same visit.
Vaginal infections in pregnancy
BV and trichomoniasis in pregnancy have been linked to complications such as preterm birth, and some medicines are chosen differently in pregnancy. If you are pregnant and notice new discharge, odor or itching, see a doctor rather than self-treating.
Cost and insurance
As a general guide, consultation and tests cost about ₩30,000–100,000, with medicines around ₩10,000–50,000; PCR panels cost more. A written estimate is given after consultation. Residents with National Health Insurance are usually covered for basic tests — see health insurance for foreigners. Practical tips for visitors are on yeast infection treatment in Seoul for foreigners.
Why international patients choose Yoonho
Frequently asked questions
Can I buy yeast infection treatment at a Korean pharmacy?
Some antifungal vaginal products are available at pharmacies, but if this is your first episode, symptoms are different, or they keep returning, a test is recommended to confirm the cause.
Is BV a sexually transmitted infection?
BV is not classed as an STD, but it is more common with new or multiple partners. It is caused by an imbalance in normal vaginal bacteria.
Does my partner need treatment?
For trichomoniasis, yes — partners should be treated at the same time. For BV and yeast infections, routine partner treatment is generally not needed.
Can I be tested during my period?
It is better to wait until bleeding stops, as blood can affect some tests. If symptoms are severe, come anyway.
Will I get results the same day?
Simple microscopy and pH tests often give an answer during your visit. PCR tests for STDs or specific organisms usually take a few days.
OB-GYN Specialist · Director of OB-GYN
M.D., Ewha Womans University College of Medicine · Former Clinical Instructor, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital · Member, Korean Society of Menopause
Last reviewed: . This page is for general information and does not replace an in-person consultation.
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Yoonho Hospital · 304 Apgujeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul · Mon–Fri 9:00–18:00, Sat 9:00–13:00 · Walk-ins welcome.