A pelvic ultrasound is an imaging test that uses sound waves to show the uterus, uterine lining, cervix and ovaries. It is the first test for pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, fibroids, ovarian cysts, IUD checks and early pregnancy. It uses no radiation, usually takes 10–20 minutes, and is done either through the lower abdomen or with a slim vaginal probe.
- Duration
- About 10–20 minutes
- Radiation
- None
- Types
- Transvaginal, abdominal
- Preparation
- Usually none for transvaginal
- Results
- Discussed the same day
- Report
- English copy on request
What is a pelvic ultrasound?
A pelvic ultrasound sends high-frequency sound waves into the body and turns the echoes into live images. In gynecology it measures the size and shape of the uterus, the thickness of the endometrium(lining), and the ovaries and follicles. Doppler can show blood flow when needed.
Transvaginal vs. abdominal ultrasound
| Transvaginal | Abdominal (transabdominal) | |
|---|---|---|
| How it is done | A slim, covered probe placed in the vagina | Probe moved over the lower abdomen with gel |
| Image detail | Higher detail of uterus and ovaries | Wider view, less detail |
| Preparation | Empty bladder | Often a full bladder |
| Best for | Lining, small fibroids or polyps, ovaries, early pregnancy | Large masses, people who have not had intercourse or prefer not to have a vaginal scan |
| Comfort | Mild pressure | Pressure from a full bladder |
You can always ask for an abdominal scan instead; the doctor will explain if this limits what can be seen.
Why is a pelvic ultrasound done?
- Heavy, irregular or post-menopausal bleeding — see vaginal bleeding
- Pelvic pain or painful periods
- Suspected uterine fibroids or ovarian cysts
- Signs of PCOS or other hormone problems
- Checking an IUD position after insertion
- Confirming early pregnancy and its location
- As part of a routine women’s health check-up
- Unexplained pelvic pain or bleeding
- Worry about cysts or fibroids
- Unsure whether an IUD is in place
- No clear next step
- Uterus and ovaries visualized
- Findings explained in English the same day
- Aims to guide treatment or reassurance
- English report for your home doctor
What happens during the scan?
- Consultation The reason for the scan, your cycle day and any previous reports are reviewed in English.
- Preparation For a transvaginal scan, empty your bladder; for an abdominal scan you may be asked to drink water beforehand.
- The scan You lie on the exam bed covered with a drape. The doctor guides the probe while watching the images, usually for 10–20 minutes.
- Explanation Findings are shown on screen and explained straight away.
- Next steps If something needs follow-up, the plan, any blood tests or further imaging are discussed; an English report is available.
Limits of ultrasound
Ultrasound is safe and very useful, but it cannot show everything. Small surface endometriosis lesions, some tubal problems and certain features of masses may need MRI, blood tests, or hysteroscopy. Findings such as a small simple cyst are often normal and simply rechecked after a cycle or two.
Ultrasound at Yoonho and cost
At Yoonho Women’s Hospital in Apgujeong, Seoul, ultrasound is performed by the gynecologist during your visit rather than as a separate appointment, so you usually leave with an answer and a plan. The cost depends on the type of scan and whether it is medically indicated; a written estimate is available after consultation. NHIS may cover medically necessary scans for enrolled residents (see health insurance for foreigners); travelers can request English documents for travel insurance claims. For breast imaging, see breast ultrasound.
Why international patients choose Yoonho
Frequently asked questions
Is a transvaginal ultrasound painful?
Most women feel mild pressure but not pain. The probe is slim and lubricated, and you can ask the doctor to stop at any time.
Do I need a full bladder?
Only for an abdominal scan. For a transvaginal scan, an empty bladder is more comfortable and gives clearer images.
Can I have an ultrasound during my period?
Yes. Bleeding does not prevent a scan. For checking the lining or polyps, the doctor may suggest a repeat scan just after your period.
I have never had intercourse. Can I still have a scan?
Yes. An abdominal scan can be used instead. Tell the doctor your preference before the exam.
Will I get the images or a report?
An English report can be provided on request, which you can share with your home doctor or insurer.
OB-GYN Specialist · Director of OB-GYN
M.D., Ewha Womans University College of Medicine · Former Clinical Instructor, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital · Member, Korean Society of Menopause
Last reviewed: . This page is for general information and does not replace an in-person consultation.
Talk to an English-speaking gynecologist
Yoonho Hospital · 304 Apgujeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul · Mon–Fri 9:00–18:00, Sat 9:00–13:00 · Walk-ins welcome.