A copper IUD is a small T-shaped device with copper wire that a doctor places inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy without hormones. It is more than 99% effective, works for about 5–10 years depending on the model, and can be removed at any time. Periods may become heavier or more crampy, especially in the first few months.
- Hormones
- None
- Effectiveness
- Over 99%
- Duration
- About 5–10 years, by model
- Periods
- Often heavier for the first 3–6 months
- Fertility
- Returns quickly after removal
- Cost guide
- ₩200,000–500,000 (estimate after consultation)
How does a copper IUD work?
The copper releases ions that are toxic to sperm and eggs and cause a local inflammatory reaction in the uterine lining. The main effect is to prevent fertilization. Unlike hormonal methods, a copper IUD does not stop ovulation, so your natural cycle continues.
It works from the moment it is placed. Because of this, a copper IUD can also be used as emergency contraception within 5 days of unprotected sex — and then simply left in place as ongoing contraception.
Copper IUD vs. hormonal IUD: what is the difference?
| Copper IUD | Hormonal IUD | |
|---|---|---|
| Active ingredient | Copper | Levonorgestrel (a progestin) |
| Effectiveness | Over 99% | Over 99% |
| How long it lasts | About 5–10 years, depending on the model | About 3–8 years, depending on the type |
| Effect on periods | Often heavier, longer or more painful at first | Usually lighter; some women stop bleeding |
| Ovulation | Continues as normal | Usually continues with lower-dose types |
| Emergency contraception | Yes, within 5 days | Not a standard emergency option |
| Often chosen by | Women who prefer no hormones | Women with heavy or painful periods |
The insertion process is the same for both — see IUD insertion at Yoonho for each step of the visit.
What happens to your periods with a copper IUD?
Changes in bleeding are the most common reason women stop a copper IUD, so it helps to know what to expect:
- Periods may be heavier and last a day or two longer
- Cramping may be stronger, especially in the first months
- Spotting between periods is common at first
- For many women these changes ease after about 3–6 months
Anti-inflammatory pain relievers taken during your period can reduce both bleeding and cramps. If your periods were already heavy, or you have anemia, a hormonal IUD may suit you better — see heavy menstrual bleeding.
- Wanting to avoid hormonal side effects
- Finding a daily pill hard to remember
- Worry about heavier periods
- Worry that the device could move
- Aims for hormone-free protection for years
- Nothing to remember day to day
- Period changes reviewed; many notice they settle within 3–6 months
- Position confirmed by ultrasound and a follow-up thread check
Who is a copper IUD suitable for?
Often a good fit if you
- Want reliable contraception without hormones
- Cannot use estrogen (for example, migraine with aura or a history of blood clots)
- Are breastfeeding
- Want long-term protection without a daily routine
- Need emergency contraception and ongoing protection together
Usually not suitable if you have
- A possible pregnancy
- A current pelvic infection or untreated STI
- Unexplained vaginal bleeding
- A uterine cavity distorted by fibroids or an abnormal shape
- Cervical or uterine cancer
- Wilson's disease or a copper allergy
Getting a copper IUD at Yoonho
- Consultation in English Your history, periods and preferences are reviewed, and the copper device available at the clinic and its licensed duration are explained.
- Checks A pregnancy test, and STI testing if you may be at risk. A transvaginal ultrasound checks the size and shape of the uterus.
- Insertion The device is placed through the cervix in a few minutes. The threads are trimmed and the position is confirmed by ultrasound.
- Thread check A short follow-up visit after about 4–6 weeks, then routine gynecology check-ups.
Moving or traveling? Our IUD guide for foreigners covers booking, timing and English documents.
Risks and side effects
- Expulsion — the IUD can slip out, most often in the first months (around 1 in 20 users).
- Perforation — the device passes into the uterine wall during insertion; this is uncommon (up to about 2 in 1,000 insertions).
- Infection — a small increase in risk in the first 3 weeks after insertion, mainly if an STI is already present.
- Pregnancy — rare, but if it happens there is a higher chance it is ectopic (outside the uterus), so a positive test needs prompt review.
Cost and insurance for international patients
As a general guide, a copper IUD including insertion costs about ₩200,000–500,000, depending on the device and any tests needed. A written estimate is given after consultation.
Contraception is generally not covered by Korean NHI — see health insurance for foreigners. English receipts and certificates are available for insurance claims.
Why international patients choose Yoonho
Frequently asked questions
Does a copper IUD cause weight gain or mood changes?
A copper IUD contains no hormones, and it is not known to cause weight gain or mood changes. Its main side effect is a change in periods.
How soon can I get pregnant after removal?
Fertility usually returns quickly once the device is removed, so use another method straight away if you do not want to conceive.
Can I use tampons or a menstrual cup?
Tampons are fine. Menstrual cups may be linked to a higher chance of the IUD being pulled out, so break the seal carefully before removing the cup and ask your doctor for advice.
Is a copper IUD safe for MRI scans?
Copper IUDs are generally considered compatible with MRI under standard conditions. Always tell the radiology staff that you have an IUD.
How do I ask for a copper IUD in Korea?
In Korean, IUDs are often called "loop" (루프). Ask for a "copper IUD" (구리 루프). Our English-speaking doctors will explain the specific device offered.
OB-GYN Specialist · Director of OB-GYN
M.D., Ewha Womans University College of Medicine · Former Clinical Instructor, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital · Member, Korean Society of Menopause
Last reviewed: . This page is for general information and does not replace an in-person consultation.
Talk to an English-speaking gynecologist
Yoonho Hospital · 304 Apgujeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul · Mon–Fri 9:00–18:00, Sat 9:00–13:00 · Walk-ins welcome.